條件狀語中的虛擬語氣（即從句由if引導的虛擬語氣）
信息發(fā)布者：Sarah789
虛擬語氣用于條件狀語從句中
（1）表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設，條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞用“過去式（be動詞的過去式用were）”，而主句中的謂語動詞用“would / should/ could / might + 動詞原形”。
如：
If I were a boy, I would join the army.
If the had time, she should go with you.
（2）表示與過去的事實相反，條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞用過去完成時，主句中的謂語動詞則用“would / should / might / could + have +過去分詞”。
如：
If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.
（3）表示與將來事實相反，條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞一般過去時或should(were to) + 動詞原形，而主句中的謂語動詞則用would / should/could might + 動詞原形。
如：
If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.
（4）當條件狀語從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時間不一致時，動詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時間作相應調(diào)整。
如：
If they had worked hard, they would be very tired.(從句說的是過去，主句指的是現(xiàn)在)
以下表格是虛擬語氣用于條件狀語從句中時，主句和從句謂語動詞的形式：
| | 從句(if) | 主句 | | 與現(xiàn)在事實相反 | 主語+did/were | 主語+ would/should/could/might + do | | 與過去事實相反 | 主語+ had done | 主語+ should /would/could/might + have done | | 與將來事實相反 | 主語+ did/ should do/ were to do | 主語+would/should/cold/might + do |
有時侯在使用時可省略if,句子則可換成下列形式，即“were / had / should +主語”。
如：
Were I a boy, I would join the army.
Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded.
Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain.
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